2009 Human Rights Report: Appendix C -- Selected International Human Rights Conventions
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
Report
March 11, 2010
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Notes:
P = Party
S = Signatory
* = non-ILO member
1 = Based on general declaration concerning treaty obligations prior to independence
2 = Party to 1926 Convention only Text in RED indicates changes in status since the 2008 report. Text in BLUE indicates corrections from prior reporting.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | |
COUNTRY | Slavery | ILO Convention 29 | ILO Convention 87 | Genocide | ILO Convention 98 | Prisoners of War | Civilians in War | Traffic in Persons | European HR Convention | Political Rights of Women | Supplementary Slavery Conv. | ILO Convention 105 | Racial Discrimination | Civil and Political Rights | Econ/Soc/ Cultural Rights | UN Refugee Convention | UN Refugee Protocol | American HR Convention | ILO Convention 138 | Geneva Protocol I | Geneva Protocol II | CEDAW | Torture | Rights of the Child | ILO Convention 182 |
Afghanistan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | |||||||
* Albania | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Algeria | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Andorra | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||
Angola | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||
Antigua & Barbuda | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Argentina | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Armenia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Australia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Austria | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Azerbaijan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Bahamas | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | |||
Bahrain | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||
Bangladesh | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Barbados | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Belarus | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Belgium | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Belize | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Benin | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
* Bhutan | P | P | S | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||||
Bolivia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Bosnia & Herzegovina | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Botswana | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Brazil | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
* Brunei | 1 | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||
Bulgaria | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Burkina Faso | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Burma | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | |||||||||||||||
Burundi | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Cambodia | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Cameroon | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Canada | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Cape Verde | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||
Central African Republic | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Chad | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Chile | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
China | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||
China Hong Kong | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||
China Macau from 12-20-99 | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||||||
China Macau to 12-19-99 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||
* China Taiwan only | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | ||||||||||||||||||
Colombia | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Comoros | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | ||||||||
Congo, Democratic Republic | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Congo, Republic | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Cook Islands | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||||
Costa Rica | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Cote D'Ivoire | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Croatia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Cuba | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Cyprus | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Czech Republic | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Denmark | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Djibouti | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Dominica | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Dominican Republic | S | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | ||
East Timor | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||
Ecuador | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Egypt | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
El Salvador | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Equatorial Guinea | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Eritrea | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||
Estonia | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Ethiopia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Fiji | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Finland | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
France | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Gabon | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Gambia | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | ||||
Georgia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Germany | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Ghana | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Greece | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Grenada | 1 | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | 1 | 1 | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Guatemala | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Guinea | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Guinea-Bissau | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | ||||||||
Guyana | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Haiti | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Holy See | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||
Honduras | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Hungary | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Iceland | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
India | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | ||||||||||
Indonesia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||
Iran | S | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | ||||||||
Iraq | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||
Ireland | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Israel | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Italy | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Jamaica | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Japan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Jordan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Kazakhstan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Kenya | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||
* Kiribati | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | 1 | P | 1 | 1 | 1 | P | P | P | ||||||||||
* Korea, Democratic Rep. of | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||||||
* Korea, Republic of | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||
Kuwait | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Kyrgyzstan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Laos | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||
Latvia | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Lebanon | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Lesotho | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Liberia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Libya | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
*Liechtenstein | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||
Lithuania | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Luxembourg | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Macedonia | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Madagascar | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Malawi | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Malaysia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||||
* Maldives | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||
Mali | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Malta | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
* Marshall Islands | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mauritania | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Mauritius | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Mexico | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
* Micronesia | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||||||||
Moldova | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
* Monaco | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||
Mongolia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
* Montenegro | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||
Morocco | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | |||
Mozambique | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Namibia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
* Nauru | P | P | S | S | P | P | S | P | |||||||||||||||||
Nepal | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Netherlands | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
New Zealand | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Nicaragua | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Niger | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Nigeria | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Niue | P | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norway | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
* Oman | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||
Pakistan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | S | S | P | S | P | P | ||||
Palau | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||||
Panama | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Papua New Guinea | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
Paraguay | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Peru | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Philippines | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Poland | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Portugal | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Qatar | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||
Romania | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Russia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Rwanda | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
* Samoa | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||
San Marino | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||
Sao Tome & Principe | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | |||||||
Saudi Arabia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||
Senegal | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Serbia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||||
Seychelles | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Sierra Leone | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
Singapore | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||
Slovak Republic | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Slovenia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Solomon Islands | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||
Somalia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | ||||||||||||||
* South Africa | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Spain | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
Sri Lanka | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
* St. Kitts & Nevis | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||
St. Lucia | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||
* St. Vincent & the Grenadines | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Sudan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | |||||||
Suriname | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Swaziland | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Sweden | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Switzerland | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Syria | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
* Tajikistan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Tanzania | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Thailand | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||
Togo | 2 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
* Tonga | 1 | P | P | P | 1 | 1 | 1 | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||||
Trinidad & Tobago | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||
Tunisia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Turkey | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
Turkmenistan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||
* Tuvalu | 1 | P | P | 1 | 1 | 1 | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||||
Uganda | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
Ukraine | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |
United Arab Emirates | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||
United Kingdom | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
United States | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | S | S | S | S | P | S | P | |||||||
Uruguay | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | S | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||
Uzbekistan | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||
* Vanuatu | P | P | P | P | 1 | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||||||||||||
Venezuela | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||
* Vietnam | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | ||||||||||||
Yemen | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | |||
former Yugoslavia | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |